Friday, February 22, 2008
Wednesday, February 20, 2008
London Tour
London Tour
What places are these? Describe in your blogs.
Tower of London:In 1078, William the Conqueror built the first part of the
Tower, the White Tower, as a fortress. Over the centuries, other kings and queens extended the Tower and used it as a palace or prison.
Tower Bridge:Tower Bridge is the most famous bridge in London and it open in 1894.The bridge only needs 90 seco
nds to lift and this happens 
500 times a year.Globe Theatre:The Globe Theatre opened in 1997. It is a replica of Shakespeare's Globe Theatre, which burned down in 1613 during a performance of Shakespeare's play Henry VIII.
London Eye:The London Eye offers a spectacular view over London and its surroundings. With its 135 m height, it is the biggest observation wheel in the world.
Houses of Parliament:The official name of the Houses of Parliament is Palace of Westminster. This is because it was the royal palace before the king moved to Whitehall Palace in 1529 and now the palace is home to
the United Kingdom Parliament.Buckingham Palace:Buckingham Palace is the Queen’s residence in London. When the queen is in the palace, you can see the Royal Standard on the roof of the palace and if the Queen is not in the palace, you see the Union Jack.
Trafalgar Square:Trafalgar Square takes its name from Admiral Nelson's famous victory in the Battle of
Trafalgar on 21 October 1805. Nelson's Column is 56 m high and on top you can see the statue of Admiral Nelson, who died in the battle.
Piccadilly Circus:Piccadilly Circus is the centre of London’s nightlife. Its neon lights are famous all over the world and the Eros fountain is a great meeting place if you want to go to one of the plenty restaurants, bars, nightclubs or theatres nearby.
St Paul's Cathedral:St Paul's Cathedral is an Anglican cathedral on Ludgate Hill, in the City of London, and the seat of the Bishop of London. The present building dates from the 17th century, and is generally reckoned to be London's fifth St Paul's Cathedral, although the number is higher if every major mediæval reconstruction is counted as a new cathedral.
London
Madame Tussaud's is a famous wax museum with celebreties of entertainment , sport and politics. It is one of the most popular museums in London.
photo of Marilyn Monroe
Marilyn Monroe at Madame Tussaud's
Madame Tussaud was born in France where she learnt how to make waxworks. In 1802, she came to England with her collection and travelled around Great Britain and Ireland. In 1835, she finally opened a wax exhibition in London. Her last work was her self-portrait, which is at the entrance of the museum. Madame Tussaud was 89 years old when she died in 1850.
Madame Tussaud on kuulus vahakujude muuseum koos kuulsate lõbustustega,spordi ja politikutega.
See on üks kõige populaarsemaid muuseumeid Londonis.
Madame Tusaud sündis Prantsusmaal kusta õppis vahakujusid tegema. 1802-l, ta tuli Inglismaale koos oma kollektsiooniga ja reisis mööda Suur Britanniat ja Iirimaad.
photo of Marilyn Monroe
Marilyn Monroe at Madame Tussaud's
Madame Tussaud was born in France where she learnt how to make waxworks. In 1802, she came to England with her collection and travelled around Great Britain and Ireland. In 1835, she finally opened a wax exhibition in London. Her last work was her self-portrait, which is at the entrance of the museum. Madame Tussaud was 89 years old when she died in 1850.
Madame Tussaud on kuulus vahakujude muuseum koos kuulsate lõbustustega,spordi ja politikutega.
See on üks kõige populaarsemaid muuseumeid Londonis.
Madame Tusaud sündis Prantsusmaal kusta õppis vahakujusid tegema. 1802-l, ta tuli Inglismaale koos oma kollektsiooniga ja reisis mööda Suur Britanniat ja Iirimaad.
Exercise
Kalev: Hello!
Katerina: Hello!
Anette: Hello!
Kalev: Have you ever written a letter in English?
Katerina: Yes,I have.
Anette: Have you ever late for school?
Kalev: Never.
Katerina: Have you ever built a sandcastle?
Anette: Yes, I have.
Kalev: Has your dad ever lost his wallet?
Katerina:Yes, he has.
Anette:Have you ever missed the bus?
Kalev:Yes, I have.
Katerina:Have you ever got married?
Anette:No, I haven`t.
Kalev:Have you learn some new steps?
Katerina:Yes, I have. I will go to dance competition tomorrow.
Anette:Have you ever get lost in Tallinn?
Kalev:Yes, I have.
Katerina: Hello!
Anette: Hello!
Kalev: Have you ever written a letter in English?
Katerina: Yes,I have.
Anette: Have you ever late for school?
Kalev: Never.
Katerina: Have you ever built a sandcastle?
Anette: Yes, I have.
Kalev: Has your dad ever lost his wallet?
Katerina:Yes, he has.
Anette:Have you ever missed the bus?
Kalev:Yes, I have.
Katerina:Have you ever got married?
Anette:No, I haven`t.
Kalev:Have you learn some new steps?
Katerina:Yes, I have. I will go to dance competition tomorrow.
Anette:Have you ever get lost in Tallinn?
Kalev:Yes, I have.
Tuesday, February 19, 2008
Monday, February 18, 2008
Exercise
Mr Lawrence has been to Japan twice.
He went there by plane in 1998 and in 1999.
Mr Lawrence has been to Wales once.
He went there by car in 1996.
Mr Lawrence has been to Scotland once.
He went there by boat in 1997.
Mrs Lawrence has been to Japan once.
She went there by plane in 1999.
Mrs Lawrence has been to France once.
She went there by train in 1995.
He went there by plane in 1998 and in 1999.
Mr Lawrence has been to Wales once.
He went there by car in 1996.
Mr Lawrence has been to Scotland once.
He went there by boat in 1997.
Mrs Lawrence has been to Japan once.
She went there by plane in 1999.
Mrs Lawrence has been to France once.
She went there by train in 1995.
Sunday, February 17, 2008
Wednesday, February 13, 2008
Mistakes
Did you go to The Pisa Tower when you lived in Rome?
Have you ever lived in Rome?
I have never visited The Pisa Tower.
Have you ever lived in Rome?
I have never visited The Pisa Tower.
Mistakes
We never have been to a foreign country.
There is a fantastic history museum.
It has been quite cold and rainy this month.
There is a fantastic history museum.
It has been quite cold and rainy this month.
My mistakes
I have seen the movie Titanic three times.
When Tom was a child he lived in Seoul.
Have you ever lived in Paris?
Gerry has fallen off his bike three times this month.
Somebody has stolen my bike.
When Tom was a child he lived in Seoul.
Have you ever lived in Paris?
Gerry has fallen off his bike three times this month.
Somebody has stolen my bike.
London
In the video I see The Parliament, ST Paul`s Cathedral, Westminster Abbey, Royal guards, Natural History Museum, Marble Ash, Buckingham Palace, Trafalgar Square, Harrod`s Knight bridge, Tower Bridge, Covent Gardener, Soho, Science Museum, HM The Tower of London, British Museum, National Gallery, London Eye, National Portrait Gallery, House of Parliament, Westminster, Regent´s Park, Madame Tussaud´s, Camden Market, ST Jame`s Park, Big Ben.
Tuesday, February 12, 2008
Exercise
Arno:Hello. Have you ever been to the airport?
Armo:We`re ever been to a forign country. Hane you ever been to Latvia?
Arno:Yes, we have. It is a fantastic history museum there.
Armo:We haven´t been to this museum yet.
Arno:Where have you been all ths time? It is been quite cold and rainy this month.
Armo:I have been at home home all day.
Arno: I have been to Finland at least twice.
Armo:Good-bye!
Armo:We`re ever been to a forign country. Hane you ever been to Latvia?
Arno:Yes, we have. It is a fantastic history museum there.
Armo:We haven´t been to this museum yet.
Arno:Where have you been all ths time? It is been quite cold and rainy this month.
Armo:I have been at home home all day.
Arno: I have been to Finland at least twice.
Armo:Good-bye!
Monday, February 11, 2008
Malaria?Kanadas?
Kas sul on kunagi olnud malaria?Kui sul on, siis on võimalused et sa said selle soojalt maalt. Malaria on tavaline soojade kliimadega riikides, eriti nenedes riikides millel on märjad ja niisked kliimad, kus sääsed kannavad seda haigust edasi viibutustega.
Sunday, February 10, 2008
We are the winners
LT United
We are the winners
We are, we are!
We are the winners
We are, we are!
We are the winners
We are, we are!
We are the winners
We are, we are!
So, you gotta vote,
Vote, vote for the winners
Vote, vote, vote for the winners
We are the winners of Eurovision
(de Vilnius city a Paris)
(LT United ici)
We are the winners of Eurovision
(chantons la meme chanson)
('cos we got it goin' on)
Everyday you hear us on the radio
(that's right)
And everyday you see us on the news
(yeah)
It doesn't matter in mono or in stereo
(it's better in stereo)
'cos we are here to represent the truth that
We are the winners of Eurovision
We are, we are!
We are, we are!
We are the winners of Eurovision
We are, we are! We are, we are!
Go baby!
We are the winners of Eurovision
We are, we are!
We are, we are!
We are the winners of Eurovision
We are, we are!
We are, we are!
We are the winners of Eurovision
We are the winners of Eurovision
We are the winners of Eurovision
We are the winners of Eurovision
You gotta vote, vote, vote for the winners
Vote, vote, vote for the winners
'coz we are the winners of Eurovision
Vote!
Meie oleme võitjad
Meie oleme võtjad
Me oleme, me oleme!
Meie oleme võtjad
Me oleme, me oleme!
Meie oleme võtijad Eurovisioonil
Me oleme, me oleme! Me oleme, me oleme!
Meie oleme võitjad Eurovisioonil
Me oleme, me oleme! Me oleme, me oleme!
Seega, te peate hääletama,
Hääletama, hääletama võitjatepoolt
Hääletama, hääletama võitjate poolt
Meie oleme võitjad eurovisioonil
(Vilnusest Pariisi)
(LT united siin)
Me oleme võtjad Eurovisioonil
(laulge sama laulu)
(sest me peame edasi minema)
Iga päev kuuled sa meid raadiost
(see on õige)
Ja iga päev nääd saa meid uudistes
(jaa)
Pole vahet kas sa kuuled meid monost või raadiost
(parem stereona)
kuna meie oleme siin, et esindada tõde, et
Me oleme võitjad Eurovisioonil
Me oleme, me oleme! Me oleme, me oleme!
Me oleme võitjad Eurovisioonil
Me oleme, me oleme! Me oleme, me oleme!
Läki beebi!
Me oleme võitjad Eurovisioonil.
Me oleme, me oleme! Me oleme, me oleme!
Me oleme võitjad Eurovioonil.
Me oleme, me oleme! Me oleme, me oleme!
Me oleme võitjad Eurovioonil.
Me oleme võitjad Eurovioonil.
Me oleme võitjad Eurovioonil.
Me oleme võitjad Eurovioonil.
Sul tuleb hääletada, hääletada, hääletada võitjate poolt.
Hääletada, hääletada, hääletada võitjate poolt.
Sest meie oleme võitjad Eurovioonil.
Hääleta!
Exercise
Arno:Have you ever lived in Roma?
Armo:I lived in Rome when I was seventeen.
Arno:Did you go to the Pisa Tower when you lived in Roma?
Armo:Yes, I went there four times.
Arno:I have never visited the Pisa Tower.
Armo:I lived in Rome when I was seventeen.
Arno:Did you go to the Pisa Tower when you lived in Roma?
Armo:Yes, I went there four times.
Arno:I have never visited the Pisa Tower.
Wednesday, February 6, 2008
Exercise
Arno:Have you ever lived in Paris?
Armo:I lived in Paris when I was a child.
Arno:Did you go to the Louvre when you lived in Paris?
Armo:Yes, I went there many times.
Arno:I have never visited the Louvre.
Armo:I lived in Paris when I was a child.
Arno:Did you go to the Louvre when you lived in Paris?
Armo:Yes, I went there many times.
Arno:I have never visited the Louvre.
Tuesday, February 5, 2008
Real Madrid
Real Madrid C.F.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Real Madrid)
Jump to: navigation, search
"Real Madrid" redirects here. For the basketball team, see Real Madrid Baloncesto.
Full name
Real Madrid Club de Fútbol
Nickname(s)
Los Blancos (The Whites)Los Merengues (The Meringues)[1]
Founded
6 March 1902(as Sociedad Madrid FC)[2]
Ground
Santiago BernabéuMadrid, Spain(Capacity 80,400[3])
Chairman
Ramón Calderón [4]
Head Coach
Bernd Schuster [5]
League
La Liga
2006–07
La Liga, Champions [6]
Home colours
Away colours
Current season
Real Madrid Club de Fútbol (also known as Real Madrid, Los Blancos, Los Merengues or in English Royal Madrid Football Club) is a professional Spanish football club based in Madrid. Founded in 1902, it plays in La Liga and is one of the most successful football clubs of the 20th century, having won thirty La Liga titles, seventeen Copa del Rey and was European Champions for a record nine times. The team is also a member of the G-14 group of leading European football clubs.[7]
It plays its home games at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium in Madrid. Real Madrid is unusual in that, unlike most football clubs, it has been owned and operated only by its members (socios) since 1902. On December 23, 2000, FIFA awarded the Spanish team the title of the "Best Club of the 20th Century".[8] Los Blancos is the most successful club in UEFA club football competitions history with nine European Cups and two UEFA Cups; more than any other European club.[9] The only European trophy it hasn't won is the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, in which it played two finals, losing both by 2 goals to 1, first to Chelsea 2-1 in 1971, after an initial 1-1 draw in the first leg, the team lost 1-0 in the return leg and Aberdeen 2-1 in 1983.
Real Madrid is the biggest and most popular football club in the world according to the case studies at Harvard University in 2006.[10]
Contents[hide]
1 History
2 Hymn
3 Crest
4 Colours
5 Stadiums
6 Statistics and records
7 Supporters
8 Players
8.1 Current squad
8.2 Out on loan
9 Notable managers
10 Presidents
11 Honours
11.1 Domestic
11.2 European
12 Footnotes
13 Further reading
14 External links
//
[edit] History
For more details on History of Real Madrid C.F., see History of Real Madrid C.F.
Football was introduced to Madrid by the professors and students of the Institución Libre de Enseñanza who included several Oxbridge graduates.[11] They founded the club Football Sky in 1895, playing on Sunday mornings at Moncloa. This club split in 1900 into two different clubs New Foot-Ball de Madrid and Club Español de Madrid. The president of the latter club was Julián Palacios. The latter club split again in 1902, resulting in the formation of Sociedad Madrid FC on March 6, 1902.[2] The first president was Juan Padrós Rubió, the first secretary was Manuel Mendía and the first treasurer was José de Gorostizaga. Juan Padrós Rubió would be later succeeded by his brother, Carlos Padrós from Spain. Only three years after its foundation, in 1905, Madrid FC won its first major title in the Estadio Chamartín stadium. The team won the first of four consecutive Copa del Rey titles (at that time the only statewide competition). In 1912 it moved to its first ground called Campo de Rose after moving between some minor grounds.[12] In 1920 the club's name was changed to Real Madrid after the King granted the title of Real (Royal) to the club.[13]
Real Madrid team in 1902.
Santiago Bernabéu Yeste became President in 1945.[14] Under his presidency, the club, the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium and the Ciudad Deportiva were rebuilt following the Spanish Civil War. Beginning in 1953 he embarked upon a strategy of signing world-class players from abroad, the most prominent of them being the signing of Alfredo Di Stéfano and built the world's first multinational side.[15]
In 1955, acting upon the idea proposed by the French sports journalist and editor of L'Équipe Gabriel Hanot, and building upon the Copa Latina (a tournament involving clubs from France, Spain, Portugal and Italy), Bernabéu met in the Ambassador Hotel in Paris with Bedrignan and Gustav Sebes and created what today is known as the UEFA Champions League.[16] It was under Bernabéu's guidance, that Real Madrid became established as a major force in both Spanish and European football. The club won the European Cup five times in a row between 1956 and 1960, which included the memorable 7–3 Hampden Park final against Eintracht Frankfurt in 1960. Winning the competition five consecutive times saw Real permanently awarded the original cup and earning the right to wear the UEFA badge of honour.[15] The club won the European Cup for a sixth time in 1966 defeating FK Partizan 2–1 in the final with a team composed entirely of nationally-born players - a first in the competition.[17] It was also runner-up in 1962, 1964 and 1981. The team have also won the UEFA Cup twice and was twice runner-up in the European Cup Winners Cup.[18][19][20][21]
By the early 1980s, Real Madrid had lost its grasp on the La Liga title until a new batch of home-grown stars, known as El Quinta del Buitre started to dominate Spanish football.[22] The name ("Vulture's Cohort") was derived from the nickname given to one of its members, Emilio Butragueño. The other four members were Manolo Sanchís, Martín Vázquez, Míchel and Miguel Pardeza. [23] With La Quinta del Buitre (reduced to four members when Pardeza left the club for Zaragoza in 1986) Real Madrid had one of the best teams in Spain and Europe during the second half of the 1980s, winning two UEFA Cups and five Spanish championships in a row.[24]
Martín Vázquez went to play for Torino in 1990. He made a return to Real Madrid in 1992, leaving the club again for good in 1995 (to Deportivo La Coruña). In 1995 and 1996 Butragueño and Michél left the club and went to play for Atlético Celaya in Mexico.[25] In 1996 President Lorenzo Sanz appointed Fabio Capello as coach. Although his tenure lasted only one season, Real Madrid was proclaimed league champion and players like Roberto Carlos, Predrag Mijatović, Davor Šuker and Clarence Seedorf arrived at the club to strengthen a squad that already boasted the likes of Raúl, Fernando Hierro and Fernando Redondo. As a result, Real Madrid (with the addition of Fernando Morientes in 1997) finally ended its 32-year wait for the seventh European Cup in 1998 under manager Jupp Heynckes, defeating Juventus 1–0 in the final, thanks to a goal from Predrag Mijatović.[25]
In July 2000 Florentino Pérez was elected club president vowing to erase the club's debt and modernise the club's facilities, however the primary electoral promise that propelled Pérez to victory was the signing of Luís Figo.[26] On July 16, Pérez won the election.[27] The club controversially got its training ground re-zoned and used the money to begin to assemble the famous Galáctico side including players such as Zidane, Ronaldo, Luís Figo, Roberto Carlos, Raul and David Beckham. It is debatable whether the gamble paid off as despite a European Cup win in 2002, followed by the League in 2003, the club then failed to win a major trophy for the next three seasons.[28]
Ramón Calderón was elected as club president in July, 2006 and subsequently appointed Fabio Capello as the new coach and Predrag Mijatović as the new sporting director. Real Madrid won the La Liga title in 2007 for the first time in four years.[6] However, despite the achievement of winning La Liga, Capello was sacked one month later, in June 2007, and was replaced by German manager Bernd Schuster.[29][30] Schuster failed to win Supercopa de España after a 5-3 defeat against Sevilla F.C. at Santiago Bernabeu.
[edit] Hymn
De las glorias deportivas, que campean por España
va el Madrid con su bandera, limpia y blanca que no empaña.
Club castizo y generoso, todo nervio y corazón,
veteranos y noveles, veteranos y noveles,
miran siempre sus laureles con respeto y emoción.
¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!
Noble y bélico adalid, caballero del honor.
¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!
A triunfar en buena lid, defendiendo tu color
¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!
Enemigo en la contienda, cuando pierde da la mano
sin envidias ni rencores, como bueno y fiel hermano.
Los domingos por la tarde, caminando a Chamartín,
las mocitas madrileñas, las mocitas madrileñas
van alegres y risueñas porque hoy juega su Madrid
¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!
Noble y bélico adalid, caballero del honor.
¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!
A triunfar en buena lid, defendiendo tu color
¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!
[edit] Crest
Real Madrid's first crest.
Club crest 1941–2002.
The first crest of Real Madrid had a simple design. It consisted of a decorative interlacing of the three initials of the club, "MCF" for Madrid Club de Futbol, in dark blue on a white shirt. The first change in the crest occurred in 1908,when the letters adopted a more streamlined form and appeared inside a circle.[31] The next change in the configuration of the crest did not occur until 1920, when King Alfonso XIII granted the club his royal patronage, which came in the form of the title "Real," roughly "Royal." Thus, Alfonso's crown was added to the crest and the club styled itself Real Madrid Club de Futbol.[31] With the disposition of the monarchy in 1931 all the symbols of the Royalty were eliminated, and so that the crown on the crest and the title of Real that years before the club had obtained were removed. In its place, the dark mulberry band of the Region of Castile was added.[31] In 1941, two years after the end of the Civil War, the crest's "Real Corona", or "Royal Crown", was restored and the mulberry stripe of Castile was retained as well. In addition, the colors were modified, in that the crest was made full color, with gold being the most prominent, and the club was again called Real Madrid Club de Futbol.[31]
The most recent modification to the crest occurred in 2001, when the club wanted to better position itself for the twenty-first century and further standardize its crest. One of the modifications made was changing the mulberry stripe to a more bluish shade.[32]
[edit] Colours
Real Madrid's original kit
Real Madrid's third kit
Real Madrid have always worn white shirts and shorts, although it initially adopted a blue oblique stripe on the shirt (the design was kept in the club crest), but unlike today dark blue socks.[33] The striped shirt was replaced by a 100% white version in around 1905.[34] In the same year, the blue socks were replaced by black ones. In the early 1940s the manager changed the kit again, adding buttons on the shirt and club's crest on the left side of the shirt (which have remained ever since).
Real's traditional away colors are all black or all purple.
The 2007–08 Real Madrid away strip consists of a dark blue shirt. The adidas three stripes are yellow. It is worn with dark blue shorts and black socks. For the 2007–08 season, there is also a third kit, which is black with thick 'electric yellow' lines forming separate panels of the shirt. Real's kit is currently manufactured by Adidas, which is contracted to supply the club's kit since 1998.[35] Real Madrid's first shirt sponsor was Zanussi, agreed for the 1982–83 and 1983–84 seasons.[36] Following that, the club was sponsored by Parmalat[36] and Otaysa[36] before a long-term deal was signed with Teka in 1994[36]. In 2001, Real Madrid ended their contract with Teka and for one season used the Realmadrid.com logo to promote its website.[36] Then, in 2002 a deal was signed with Siemens Mobile and in 2006, the logo BenQ Siemens appeared on its shirt.[36] Real Madrid's current shirt sponsor is bwin.com following the economic problems of BenQ Siemens.[33][36]
[edit] Stadiums
Main articles: Santiago Bernabéu Stadium, Alfredo Di Stéfano Stadium, Estadio Chamartín
Inside the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium
After its foundation in 1902 the club moved in its first years between some minor grounds before moving to the 'Campo de O'Donnell' in 1912.[37] This ground remained its home ground for eleven years. After these years the club made a move again, this time to the 'Campo de Ciudad Lineal', a small ground with a capacity of 8,000 spectators. After twelve months the club moved again. This new ground would make a longer appearance. The 'Estadio Chamartín' was inaugurated on 17 May 1923 with a match of Real Madrid against Newcastle United. In this stadium, which hosted 22,500 spectators, Real Madrid celebrated its first Spanish league title.[12] After those successes, the 1943 elected president Santiago Bernabéu decided that the Estadio Chamartín wasn't big enough for the ambitions of the club. A new stadium was built and was inaugurated on 14 December 1947.[38] This was the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium as it is known today, although it didn't acquire this name until 1955. The first match that was played in the new stadium was between Real Madrid and Portuguese club Belenenses. Real won the match 3–1, and the first goal was scored by Sabino Barinaga. The initial capacity was 75,300.
Real Madrid C.F. at Santiago Bernabeu in 2007.
The capacity has changed frequently, peaking at 120,000 after a 1953 expansion.[39] Since then, there have been a number of reductions due to modernisations (the last standing places went away in 1998–99 in response to UEFA regulations which forbids standing at matches in the UEFA competition), countered to some extent by expansions. The last change was an increase of about five thousand to a capacity of 80,400, effected in 2003. A plan to add a retractable roof has been announced.[40]
The Bernabéu has hosted the 1957, 1969 and 1980 European Cup finals, the 1964 European Championship final, and the 1982 FIFA World Cup final.[38] The stadium has its own Madrid Metro station along the 10 line called Santiago Bernabéu. Its location, in the heart of Madrid's business district, is quite unusual for a football stadium.[41] On 9 May 2006 the Alfredo Di Stéfano Stadium was inaugurated at the City of Madrid where Real Madrid usually trains. The inaugural match was played between Real Madrid and Stade de Reims, a rematch of the 1956 European Cup final. Real Madrid won the inaugural match 6–1 with goals from Sergio Ramos, Antonio Cassano (2), Roberto Soldado (2), and Jose Manuel Jurado. The venue is now part of the Ciudad Real Madrid, the club's new training facilities located outside Madrid in Valdebebas. The stadium holds 6,000 people and it is named after former Real footballer Alfredo Di Stéfano. The Bernabeu has recently been upgraded to Elite Football Stadium status by UEFA.[42]
[edit] Statistics and records
Main article: Real Madrid C.F. statistics
Manuel Sanchís Hontiyuelo holds the record for Real Madrid appearances, having played 710 first-team matches between 1983 and 2001.[43] Forward Santillana comes second, having played 643 times. The record for a goalkeeper is held by Francisco Buyo, with 343 appearances. With 127 caps, Luís Figo of Portugal is Real Madrid's most capped international player.[44]
Alfredo Di Stéfano is the club's top goalscorer with 311 goals in all competitions between 1953 and 1964 having surpassed Santillana's total of 290. Di Stéfano's 49 goals in 58 matches was for decades the all-time highest tally in the European Cup, until it was surpassed by Real Madrid's Raúl in 2005, and Real Madrid's Ruud van Nistelrooy in 2006. Di Stéfano also holds the club record for most goals scored in the league, with 216. Real Madrid's current top-scorer is Raúl González with 196.[45]
Officially, Real Madrid's highest home attendance is 74,419 for a Copa del Rey match in 2006. The current legal capacity of Santiago Bernabéu is 80,400. Real Madrid's average attendance was 69,200 during the 2003–04 season and 71,900 in the 2004–05 season.[3] Real Madrid have also set records in Spanish football, most notably the most domestic titles (30 as of 2006–07) and the most seasons won in a row (5, during 1960–65 and 1985–90).[46]
Real also set UEFA Champions League records for most winnings (nine) and for most semifinal appearances (21).[47] In addition, Raúl González with 59 goals is the best UEFA Champions League scorer so far. The team have also the record number of consecutive participations in the Champions' Cup with 15, from 1955–56 to 1969–70. The fastest ever Champions League goal was scored by FC Bayern München's Roy Makaay in 10.2 seconds against Real Madrid in 2007. The world-record fee of €76 million (over US$100 million, £47.5 million) for Zinedine Zidane's transfer to Real Madrid in 2001 is the highest ever paid.[48]
[edit] Supporters
For more details on this topic, see El Clásico and El Derbi madrileño.
Real Madrid supporters during an El Derbi madrileño match.
During most home matches the majority of the seats in the stadium are occupied by season ticket holders, of which there are approximately 65,000.[3] In order to become a season ticket holder one must first be a socio, or club member. Not all members are able to get a season ticket. In addition to members, the club has over 1,800 peñas (official, club-affiliated supporters' groups) in Spain and around the world. Real Madrid has the first highest average all-time attendance in Spanish football and regularly attract over 65,000 fans to Santiago Bernabéu; it was the second best-supported La Liga team in the 2004–05 season, with an average gate of 71,900.[49] The club has a large and diverse fanbase, who hold some long-standing rivalries with other clubs; the most notable of these is with FC Barcelona, with whom it regularly contests El Clásico.
The rivalry with FC Barcelona projects what some regard as the political and cultural tensions felt between Castillians and Catalans.[50] However, during the Spanish Civil War itself, members of both clubs like Josep Sunyol and Rafael Sánchez Guerra, suffered at the hands of Franco supporters.[51] During the 1950s, the rivalry was intensified further when the clubs disputed the signing of Alfredo Di Stéfano, who finally played for Real Madrid and was key in the subsequent success achieved by the club.[52] The 1960s saw the rivalry reach the European stage when they met twice at the European Cup, Real Madrid winning in 1960 and FC Barcelona winning in 1961. In 2000 the rivalry was reinforced following the controversial decision by Luís Figo to leave FC Barcelona and sign for Real Madrid.[53] The two teams met again in the 2002 UEFA Champions League semi-final. Real Madrid, the eventual champion, won the clash dubbed by Spanish media as the Match of the Century. As the two biggest and most successful clubs in Spain, nowadays the rivalry is renewed on an annual basis with both teams often challenging each other for the league championship. The flashpoint of this rivalry is the twice-a-season El Clásico which draws vast audiences from around the world.[54]
The club's nearest neighbour is Atlético Madrid, which is also seen as a viable rival by Real Madrid fans. Although Atlético was originally founded by three Basque students in 1903, it was joined in 1904 by dissident members of Madrid FC. Further tensions came because initially Atlético supporters came from the working class while the Real supporters were drawn from the middle class. Today these distinctions are largely blurred. The rivalry first gained international attention in 1959 during the European Cup when the two clubs met in the semi-final. Real won the first leg 2–1 at the Bernabéu while Atlético won 1–0 at the Metropolitano. The tie went to a replay and Real won 2-1. Atlético, however, gained some revenge when, led by former Real coach José Villalonga, it defeated Real in two successive Copa del Generalísimo finals in 1960 and 1961.[55]
Between 1961 and 1980 when Real dominated La Liga, only Atlético offered Real any serious challenge, winning La Liga titles in 1966, 1970, 1973 and 1977. In 1965, when it finished as La Liga runner-up to Real after an intense battle for the title, Atlético became the first team to beat Real at the Bernabéu in eight years. Real Madrid's record against Atlético in more recent times is very favourable.[56] A high point coming in the 2002–03 season, when Real clinched the La Liga title after beating Atlético 4–0 at the Vicente Calderón stadium.
[edit] Players
[edit] Current squad
See also: Real Madrid C.F. 2007-08 season
Spanish teams are limited to three players without EU citizenship. The squad list includes only the principal nationality of each player; several non-European players on the squad have dual citizenship with an EU country. Also, players from the ACP countries—countries in Africa, the Caribbean, and the Pacific that are signatories to the Cotonou Agreement—are not counted against non-EU quotas due to the Kolpak ruling.
As of 26th January 2008.[57][58]
No.
Position
Player
1
GK
Iker Casillas
2
DF
Míchel Salgado
3
DF
Pepe
4
DF
Sergio Ramos
5
DF
Fabio Cannavaro
6
MF
Mahamadou Diarra
7
FW
Raúl (captain)
8
MF
Fernando Gago
9
FW
Roberto Soldado
10
FW
Robinho
11
MF
Arjen Robben
12
DF
Marcelo
13
GK
Jordi Codina
No.
Position
Player
14
MF
Guti (vice-captain)
15
DF
Royston Drenthe
16
DF
Gabriel Heinze
17
FW
Ruud van Nistelrooy
18
FW
Javier Saviola
19
MF
Júlio Baptista
20
FW
Gonzalo Higuaín
21
DF
Christoph Metzelder
22
DF
Miguel Torres
23
MF
Wesley Sneijder
24
MF
Javier Balboa
25
GK
Jerzy Dudek
Official as of June 1, 2008
[edit] Out on loan
No.
Position
Player
—
FW
Antonio Cassano (on loan to Sampdoria)
—
MF
Pablo García (on loan to Murcia)
18
MF
Esteban Granero (on loan to Getafe)
29
MF
Adrián González (on loan to Celta)
For recent transfers, see List of transfers of La Liga - 2007/2008 season.
[edit] Notable managers
Only managers who have won at least one trophy are mentioned.[59][60]For a full list of Real Madrid managers, see List of Real Madrid C.F. managers.[61]
Name
Period
Trophies
Domestic
International
Lg
Cp
Sc
CL
UC
SC
ICp
Arthur Johnson
1910–1920
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
Lippo Hertza
1930–1932
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Robert Firsth
1932–1934
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
Francisco Bru
1934–1941
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
Jacinto Quincoces
1945–1946, 1947-1948
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
Baltasar Albéniz
1946–1947, 1950-1951
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
José Villalonga
1954–1957
2
0
0
2
0
0
0
Luis Carniglia
1957-1959, 1959
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
Miguel Muñoz
1959, 1960-1974
9
2
0
2
0
0
1
Miljan Miljanić
1974–1977
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
Vujadin Boškov
1979-1982
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
Luis Molowny
1974, 1977-1979, 1982, 1985-1986
3
3
0
0
2
0
0
Leo Beenhakker
1986-1989, 1992
3
1
1
0
0
0
0
John Toshack
1989-1990, 1999
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
Alfredo Di Stéfano
1990-1991
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
Benito Floro
1992-1994
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
Vicente del Bosque
1994, 1999-2003
2
0
1
2
0
1
1
Jorge Valdano
1994-1996
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Fabio Capello
1996-1997, 2006-2007
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
Jupp Heynckes
1997-1998
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
Guus Hiddink
1998-1999
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Carlos Queiroz
2003-2004
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
[edit] Presidents
As of September 17, 2007.[62]
Ramón Calderón, current president of Real Madrid.
Name
From
To
Julián Palacios
1900
1902
Juan Padrós
1902
1904
Carlos Padrós
1904
1908
Adolfo Meléndez
1908
1916
Pedro Parages
1916
1924
Luis de Urquijo
1924
1929
Luis Usera
1929
1935
Rafael Sánchez Guerra
1935
1937
Colonel Antonio Ortega
1937
1938
Rafael Sánchez Guerra
1938
1939
Adolfo Meléndez
1939
1940
Antonio Santos Peralba
1940
1943
Santiago Bernabéu Yeste
1943
1978
Luis de Carlos
1978
1985
Ramón Mendoza
1985
1995
Lorenzo Sanz
1995
2000
Florentino Pérez
2000
2006
Fernando Martín
February 2006
April 2006
Luis Gómez-Montejano
April 2006
July 2006
Ramón Calderón
2006
-
[edit] Honours
For more details on this topic, see Real Madrid C.F. trophies[63][64]
[edit] Domestic
La Liga[65]
Winners (30): 1931–32, 1932–1933, 1953–1954, 1954–1955, 1956–1957, 1957–1958, 1960–1961, 1961–1962, 1962–1963, 1963–1964, 1964–1965, 1966–1967, 1967–1968, 1968–1969, 1971–1972, 1974–1975, 1975–1976, 1977–1978, 1978–1979, 1979–1980, 1985–1986, 1986–1987, 1987–1988, 1988–1989, 1989–1990, 1994–1995, 1996–1997, 2000–2001, 2002–2003, 2006–07
Runners-up (17): 1928-29, 1933-34, 1934-35, 1935-36, 1941-42, 1944-45, 1958-59, 1959-60, 1965-66, 1980-81, 1982-83, 1983-84, 1991-92, 1992-93, 1998-99, 2004-05, 2005-06
Copa del Rey
Winners (17): 1904–1905, 1905–1906, 1906–1907, 1907–1908, 1916–1917, 1933–1934, 1935–1936, 1945–1946, 1946–1947, 1961–1962, 1969–1970, 1973–1974, 1974–1975, 1979–1980, 1981–1982, 1988–1989, 1992–1993
Runners-up (19): 1902-03, 1915-16, 1917-18, 1923-24, 1928-29, 1929-30, 1932-33, 1939-40, 1942-43, 1957-58, 1959-60, 1960-61, 1967-68, 1978-79, 1982-83, 1989-90, 1991-92, 2001-02, 2003-04
Supercopa de España[66]
Winners (8): 1947, 1988, 1989*, 1990, 1993, 1997, 2001, 2003
Runners-up (3): 1982, 1995, 2007
(* Won Copa del Rey and La Liga)
Copa de la Liga
Winners (1): 1984–1985
Runners-up (1): 1982-83
[edit] European
UEFA Champions League[67]
Winners (9): 1955–1956 First ever Winners, 1956–1957, 1957–1958, 1958–1959, 1959–1960, 1965–1966, 1997–1998, 1999–2000, 2001–2002.
Runners-up (3): 1961-62, 1963-64, 1980-81
Intercontinental Cup[68]
Winners (3): 1960, 1998, 2002
Runners-up (2): 1966, 2000
Copa Iberoamericana[69]
Winners (1): 1994
UEFA Cup
Winners (2): 1984–1985, 1985–1986
UEFA Cup Winners' Cup
Runners-up (2): 1970-71, 1982-83
UEFA Supercup
Winners (1): 2002
Runners-up (2): 1998, 2000
Latin Cup
Winners (2): 1955, 1957
FIFA Order of Merit
Winners (1): 2004
[edit] Footnotes
^ Real Madrid Football Club. Madrid Tourist Guide. Retrieved on 2007-09-26. In Spanish, the players are nicknamed ‘Los Merengues’ meaning literally ‘the meringues’ which applies to their white strip.
^ a b 1902-1911. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
^ a b c Estadio Santiago Bernabeu. The Stadium Guide. Retrieved on 2007-09-16.
^ Presidents. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-10-06.
^ Coaches. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-10-06.
^ a b Madrid are the CHAMPIONS: Together we could! Thank you all!. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-26.
^ Real Madrid is one of the founders of G-14. G14.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-17.
^ Best club of the 20th century. FIFA.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-18. Voted exclusively by the readers of the bi-monthly FIFA Magazine on December 2000.
^ Club facts: Real Madrid. Uefa.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-30. (See:UEFA club competition milestones)
^ Ramón Calderón gave a detailed lecture on Real Madrid for several Harvard students. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2008-01-01.
^ Real Madrid Fotos, juegos, fútbol, liga española, imágenes, LFP, historia, equipo. WDF. Retrieved on 2007-09-16.
^ a b The Story of.... Real Madrid. The Stadium Guide. Retrieved on 2007-09-16.
^ 1912-1921. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
^ 1942-1951. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
^ a b 1952-1961. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
^ Matthew Spiro (2006-05-12). Hats off to Hanot. uefa.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-19.
^ 1962-1971. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
^ Madrid awake from European slumber. uefa.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-14.
^ Madrid the comeback kings. uefa.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-14.
^ Final. uefa.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-14.
^ Final. uefa.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-14.
^ La Quinta del Buitre. Blogger. Retrieved on 2007-09-16.
^ 1982-1991. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
^ Real Madrid Live. Free-football.tv. Retrieved on 2007-09-18.
^ a b 1992-2001. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
^ Figo's the Real deal. BBC.com (2000-07-24). Retrieved on 2007-09-15.
^ Florentino Pérez era. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
^ 2002 - 2011. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
^ "Real Madrid sack manager Capello", BBC Sport, 2007-06-28. Retrieved on 2007-06-28.
^ Real name Schuster as new coach. bbc.com (2007-07-09). Retrieved on 2007-09-18.
^ a b c d Historia del Escudo. Realmadridfans.org. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
^ Historia del Escudo. Realmadridfans.org. Retrieved on 2007-09-26. (See 2001: Un Escudo para el Siglo XXI) (Spanish)
^ a b Equipacion. Realmadridfans.org. Retrieved on 2007-09-17.
^ Real madrid kit in 1905 was 100% white, so the supporters start calling the players as Los Blancos
^ The world's biggest store belonging a football team inaugurated at the Santiago Bernabéu. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-10-07. Ramón Calderón says : We began working with Adidas again in 1998, and its a harmonious relationship that will last a long time.
^ a b c d e f g Historia del uniforme del Real Madrid Club de Fútbol (Spanish). Wikipedia.org. Retrieved on 2007-10-07.
^ Nuestros Estadios. Historialago.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-26.
^ a b Santiago Bernabéu Tour. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-08.
^ Santiago Bernabéu to 120,000. Worldstadia.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-26.
^ Estadio Santiago Bernabeu guide. Madrid-tourist-guide.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-23.
^ Santiago Bernabéu station. Metromadrid.es. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
^ UEFA grants the stadium its highest ranking. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-11-14.
^ Manuel Sanchís. Dimelo.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
^ Figo stats. Footballdatabase.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
^ Raúl González stats. Footballdatabase.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-29.
^ Real Madrid C.F.. lpf.es. Retrieved on 2007-09-20.
^ History. Uefa.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-16.
^ Zidane to Real Madrid. Yahoo.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-24.
^ On the first place was FC Barcelona with an average gate of 76,000.
^ The Politics Of Real Madrid Football Club. Madrid-tourist-guide.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-23.
^ El Barça, Franco’s favourite team?. oreneta.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-29.
^ Jimmy Burns: Barca, a people's passion, Bloomsbury Publishing, London 1999
^ Un traspaso histórico. 20minutos.es. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
^ El Clásico - Real Madrid vs. Barcelona. Marca.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
^ Real Madrid won El Derbi madrileño for 75 times.
^ Real Madrid - At. de Madrid. LPF.es. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
^ Official shirt numbers. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-01.
^ Current squad. Footballsquads.co.uk. Retrieved on 2007-09-23.
^ Coaches. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-29.
^ Aquí están todos los entrenadores del Real Madrid. (Spanish). Historialago.com. Retrieved on 2007-10-16.
^ Real Madrid - Coaches. Rsssf.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-19.
^ Presidents. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-16.
^ Track record. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-16.
^ Copa Iberoamericana. RSSSF.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-16.
^ La Liga statistics. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
^ The trophy was known as Copa de Campeones (1940), Copa de Oro Argentina (1945), Copa Eva Duarte (1947-53) and Supercopa de España (1982-present)
^ UEFA Champions League statistics. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
^ Intercontinental Cup. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
^ Iberoamerican Cup won by Real Madrid. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
[edit] Further reading
Dénes, Tamás & Rochy, Zoltán (2002). Real Madrid. Aréna 2000. ISBN 963861675X.
Ball, Phil (2003 New edition). Morbo: The Story of Spanish Football. WSC Books Limited. ISBN 0-954-01346-8.
Ball, Phil (2003). White Storm: The Story of Real Madrid. Mainstream. ISBN 1-84018-763-8.
McManaman, Steve & Edworthy, Sarah (2003). El Macca: Four Years with Real Madrid. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-743-48920-9.
[edit] External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Real Madrid
Wikinews has related news:
Real Madrid
Official websites
Realmadrid.com Official club website
Real Madrid, Canal Oficial YouTube's official Real Madrid channel
Real Madrid Club de Fútbol at the Liga de Fútbol Profesional official website
Real Madrid CF at the UEFA official website
General fan sites
Real Madrid
Real Madrid (Spanish)
Real Madrid Fans (Spanish)
Bienvenidos a Realmadrid Site.com (Spanish)
Realmadrid.no Official Norwegian Supporter's Club - Peña Madridista Noruega
Real Madrid America Official website of USA Supporters
Real Madrid C.F. Fan Community
RealMadryt.pl (English) (Polish)
Real Madrid's Arab Fans Community (Arabic)
Real-Madrid.ru (Russian)
Nejlepší fans stránka o Realu Madrid v ČR a SR.
Dutch Real Madrid Fanclub (Dutch)
Realmadrid.de
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Real Madrid)
Jump to: navigation, search
"Real Madrid" redirects here. For the basketball team, see Real Madrid Baloncesto.
Full name
Real Madrid Club de Fútbol
Nickname(s)
Los Blancos (The Whites)Los Merengues (The Meringues)[1]
Founded
6 March 1902(as Sociedad Madrid FC)[2]
Ground
Santiago BernabéuMadrid, Spain(Capacity 80,400[3])
Chairman
Ramón Calderón [4]
Head Coach
Bernd Schuster [5]
League
La Liga
2006–07
La Liga, Champions [6]
Home colours
Away colours
Current season
Real Madrid Club de Fútbol (also known as Real Madrid, Los Blancos, Los Merengues or in English Royal Madrid Football Club) is a professional Spanish football club based in Madrid. Founded in 1902, it plays in La Liga and is one of the most successful football clubs of the 20th century, having won thirty La Liga titles, seventeen Copa del Rey and was European Champions for a record nine times. The team is also a member of the G-14 group of leading European football clubs.[7]
It plays its home games at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium in Madrid. Real Madrid is unusual in that, unlike most football clubs, it has been owned and operated only by its members (socios) since 1902. On December 23, 2000, FIFA awarded the Spanish team the title of the "Best Club of the 20th Century".[8] Los Blancos is the most successful club in UEFA club football competitions history with nine European Cups and two UEFA Cups; more than any other European club.[9] The only European trophy it hasn't won is the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, in which it played two finals, losing both by 2 goals to 1, first to Chelsea 2-1 in 1971, after an initial 1-1 draw in the first leg, the team lost 1-0 in the return leg and Aberdeen 2-1 in 1983.
Real Madrid is the biggest and most popular football club in the world according to the case studies at Harvard University in 2006.[10]
Contents[hide]
1 History
2 Hymn
3 Crest
4 Colours
5 Stadiums
6 Statistics and records
7 Supporters
8 Players
8.1 Current squad
8.2 Out on loan
9 Notable managers
10 Presidents
11 Honours
11.1 Domestic
11.2 European
12 Footnotes
13 Further reading
14 External links
//
[edit] History
For more details on History of Real Madrid C.F., see History of Real Madrid C.F.
Football was introduced to Madrid by the professors and students of the Institución Libre de Enseñanza who included several Oxbridge graduates.[11] They founded the club Football Sky in 1895, playing on Sunday mornings at Moncloa. This club split in 1900 into two different clubs New Foot-Ball de Madrid and Club Español de Madrid. The president of the latter club was Julián Palacios. The latter club split again in 1902, resulting in the formation of Sociedad Madrid FC on March 6, 1902.[2] The first president was Juan Padrós Rubió, the first secretary was Manuel Mendía and the first treasurer was José de Gorostizaga. Juan Padrós Rubió would be later succeeded by his brother, Carlos Padrós from Spain. Only three years after its foundation, in 1905, Madrid FC won its first major title in the Estadio Chamartín stadium. The team won the first of four consecutive Copa del Rey titles (at that time the only statewide competition). In 1912 it moved to its first ground called Campo de Rose after moving between some minor grounds.[12] In 1920 the club's name was changed to Real Madrid after the King granted the title of Real (Royal) to the club.[13]
Real Madrid team in 1902.
Santiago Bernabéu Yeste became President in 1945.[14] Under his presidency, the club, the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium and the Ciudad Deportiva were rebuilt following the Spanish Civil War. Beginning in 1953 he embarked upon a strategy of signing world-class players from abroad, the most prominent of them being the signing of Alfredo Di Stéfano and built the world's first multinational side.[15]
In 1955, acting upon the idea proposed by the French sports journalist and editor of L'Équipe Gabriel Hanot, and building upon the Copa Latina (a tournament involving clubs from France, Spain, Portugal and Italy), Bernabéu met in the Ambassador Hotel in Paris with Bedrignan and Gustav Sebes and created what today is known as the UEFA Champions League.[16] It was under Bernabéu's guidance, that Real Madrid became established as a major force in both Spanish and European football. The club won the European Cup five times in a row between 1956 and 1960, which included the memorable 7–3 Hampden Park final against Eintracht Frankfurt in 1960. Winning the competition five consecutive times saw Real permanently awarded the original cup and earning the right to wear the UEFA badge of honour.[15] The club won the European Cup for a sixth time in 1966 defeating FK Partizan 2–1 in the final with a team composed entirely of nationally-born players - a first in the competition.[17] It was also runner-up in 1962, 1964 and 1981. The team have also won the UEFA Cup twice and was twice runner-up in the European Cup Winners Cup.[18][19][20][21]
By the early 1980s, Real Madrid had lost its grasp on the La Liga title until a new batch of home-grown stars, known as El Quinta del Buitre started to dominate Spanish football.[22] The name ("Vulture's Cohort") was derived from the nickname given to one of its members, Emilio Butragueño. The other four members were Manolo Sanchís, Martín Vázquez, Míchel and Miguel Pardeza. [23] With La Quinta del Buitre (reduced to four members when Pardeza left the club for Zaragoza in 1986) Real Madrid had one of the best teams in Spain and Europe during the second half of the 1980s, winning two UEFA Cups and five Spanish championships in a row.[24]
Martín Vázquez went to play for Torino in 1990. He made a return to Real Madrid in 1992, leaving the club again for good in 1995 (to Deportivo La Coruña). In 1995 and 1996 Butragueño and Michél left the club and went to play for Atlético Celaya in Mexico.[25] In 1996 President Lorenzo Sanz appointed Fabio Capello as coach. Although his tenure lasted only one season, Real Madrid was proclaimed league champion and players like Roberto Carlos, Predrag Mijatović, Davor Šuker and Clarence Seedorf arrived at the club to strengthen a squad that already boasted the likes of Raúl, Fernando Hierro and Fernando Redondo. As a result, Real Madrid (with the addition of Fernando Morientes in 1997) finally ended its 32-year wait for the seventh European Cup in 1998 under manager Jupp Heynckes, defeating Juventus 1–0 in the final, thanks to a goal from Predrag Mijatović.[25]
In July 2000 Florentino Pérez was elected club president vowing to erase the club's debt and modernise the club's facilities, however the primary electoral promise that propelled Pérez to victory was the signing of Luís Figo.[26] On July 16, Pérez won the election.[27] The club controversially got its training ground re-zoned and used the money to begin to assemble the famous Galáctico side including players such as Zidane, Ronaldo, Luís Figo, Roberto Carlos, Raul and David Beckham. It is debatable whether the gamble paid off as despite a European Cup win in 2002, followed by the League in 2003, the club then failed to win a major trophy for the next three seasons.[28]
Ramón Calderón was elected as club president in July, 2006 and subsequently appointed Fabio Capello as the new coach and Predrag Mijatović as the new sporting director. Real Madrid won the La Liga title in 2007 for the first time in four years.[6] However, despite the achievement of winning La Liga, Capello was sacked one month later, in June 2007, and was replaced by German manager Bernd Schuster.[29][30] Schuster failed to win Supercopa de España after a 5-3 defeat against Sevilla F.C. at Santiago Bernabeu.
[edit] Hymn
De las glorias deportivas, que campean por España
va el Madrid con su bandera, limpia y blanca que no empaña.
Club castizo y generoso, todo nervio y corazón,
veteranos y noveles, veteranos y noveles,
miran siempre sus laureles con respeto y emoción.
¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!
Noble y bélico adalid, caballero del honor.
¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!
A triunfar en buena lid, defendiendo tu color
¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!
Enemigo en la contienda, cuando pierde da la mano
sin envidias ni rencores, como bueno y fiel hermano.
Los domingos por la tarde, caminando a Chamartín,
las mocitas madrileñas, las mocitas madrileñas
van alegres y risueñas porque hoy juega su Madrid
¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!
Noble y bélico adalid, caballero del honor.
¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!
A triunfar en buena lid, defendiendo tu color
¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!
[edit] Crest
Real Madrid's first crest.
Club crest 1941–2002.
The first crest of Real Madrid had a simple design. It consisted of a decorative interlacing of the three initials of the club, "MCF" for Madrid Club de Futbol, in dark blue on a white shirt. The first change in the crest occurred in 1908,when the letters adopted a more streamlined form and appeared inside a circle.[31] The next change in the configuration of the crest did not occur until 1920, when King Alfonso XIII granted the club his royal patronage, which came in the form of the title "Real," roughly "Royal." Thus, Alfonso's crown was added to the crest and the club styled itself Real Madrid Club de Futbol.[31] With the disposition of the monarchy in 1931 all the symbols of the Royalty were eliminated, and so that the crown on the crest and the title of Real that years before the club had obtained were removed. In its place, the dark mulberry band of the Region of Castile was added.[31] In 1941, two years after the end of the Civil War, the crest's "Real Corona", or "Royal Crown", was restored and the mulberry stripe of Castile was retained as well. In addition, the colors were modified, in that the crest was made full color, with gold being the most prominent, and the club was again called Real Madrid Club de Futbol.[31]
The most recent modification to the crest occurred in 2001, when the club wanted to better position itself for the twenty-first century and further standardize its crest. One of the modifications made was changing the mulberry stripe to a more bluish shade.[32]
[edit] Colours
Real Madrid's original kit
Real Madrid's third kit
Real Madrid have always worn white shirts and shorts, although it initially adopted a blue oblique stripe on the shirt (the design was kept in the club crest), but unlike today dark blue socks.[33] The striped shirt was replaced by a 100% white version in around 1905.[34] In the same year, the blue socks were replaced by black ones. In the early 1940s the manager changed the kit again, adding buttons on the shirt and club's crest on the left side of the shirt (which have remained ever since).
Real's traditional away colors are all black or all purple.
The 2007–08 Real Madrid away strip consists of a dark blue shirt. The adidas three stripes are yellow. It is worn with dark blue shorts and black socks. For the 2007–08 season, there is also a third kit, which is black with thick 'electric yellow' lines forming separate panels of the shirt. Real's kit is currently manufactured by Adidas, which is contracted to supply the club's kit since 1998.[35] Real Madrid's first shirt sponsor was Zanussi, agreed for the 1982–83 and 1983–84 seasons.[36] Following that, the club was sponsored by Parmalat[36] and Otaysa[36] before a long-term deal was signed with Teka in 1994[36]. In 2001, Real Madrid ended their contract with Teka and for one season used the Realmadrid.com logo to promote its website.[36] Then, in 2002 a deal was signed with Siemens Mobile and in 2006, the logo BenQ Siemens appeared on its shirt.[36] Real Madrid's current shirt sponsor is bwin.com following the economic problems of BenQ Siemens.[33][36]
[edit] Stadiums
Main articles: Santiago Bernabéu Stadium, Alfredo Di Stéfano Stadium, Estadio Chamartín
Inside the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium
After its foundation in 1902 the club moved in its first years between some minor grounds before moving to the 'Campo de O'Donnell' in 1912.[37] This ground remained its home ground for eleven years. After these years the club made a move again, this time to the 'Campo de Ciudad Lineal', a small ground with a capacity of 8,000 spectators. After twelve months the club moved again. This new ground would make a longer appearance. The 'Estadio Chamartín' was inaugurated on 17 May 1923 with a match of Real Madrid against Newcastle United. In this stadium, which hosted 22,500 spectators, Real Madrid celebrated its first Spanish league title.[12] After those successes, the 1943 elected president Santiago Bernabéu decided that the Estadio Chamartín wasn't big enough for the ambitions of the club. A new stadium was built and was inaugurated on 14 December 1947.[38] This was the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium as it is known today, although it didn't acquire this name until 1955. The first match that was played in the new stadium was between Real Madrid and Portuguese club Belenenses. Real won the match 3–1, and the first goal was scored by Sabino Barinaga. The initial capacity was 75,300.
Real Madrid C.F. at Santiago Bernabeu in 2007.
The capacity has changed frequently, peaking at 120,000 after a 1953 expansion.[39] Since then, there have been a number of reductions due to modernisations (the last standing places went away in 1998–99 in response to UEFA regulations which forbids standing at matches in the UEFA competition), countered to some extent by expansions. The last change was an increase of about five thousand to a capacity of 80,400, effected in 2003. A plan to add a retractable roof has been announced.[40]
The Bernabéu has hosted the 1957, 1969 and 1980 European Cup finals, the 1964 European Championship final, and the 1982 FIFA World Cup final.[38] The stadium has its own Madrid Metro station along the 10 line called Santiago Bernabéu. Its location, in the heart of Madrid's business district, is quite unusual for a football stadium.[41] On 9 May 2006 the Alfredo Di Stéfano Stadium was inaugurated at the City of Madrid where Real Madrid usually trains. The inaugural match was played between Real Madrid and Stade de Reims, a rematch of the 1956 European Cup final. Real Madrid won the inaugural match 6–1 with goals from Sergio Ramos, Antonio Cassano (2), Roberto Soldado (2), and Jose Manuel Jurado. The venue is now part of the Ciudad Real Madrid, the club's new training facilities located outside Madrid in Valdebebas. The stadium holds 6,000 people and it is named after former Real footballer Alfredo Di Stéfano. The Bernabeu has recently been upgraded to Elite Football Stadium status by UEFA.[42]
[edit] Statistics and records
Main article: Real Madrid C.F. statistics
Manuel Sanchís Hontiyuelo holds the record for Real Madrid appearances, having played 710 first-team matches between 1983 and 2001.[43] Forward Santillana comes second, having played 643 times. The record for a goalkeeper is held by Francisco Buyo, with 343 appearances. With 127 caps, Luís Figo of Portugal is Real Madrid's most capped international player.[44]
Alfredo Di Stéfano is the club's top goalscorer with 311 goals in all competitions between 1953 and 1964 having surpassed Santillana's total of 290. Di Stéfano's 49 goals in 58 matches was for decades the all-time highest tally in the European Cup, until it was surpassed by Real Madrid's Raúl in 2005, and Real Madrid's Ruud van Nistelrooy in 2006. Di Stéfano also holds the club record for most goals scored in the league, with 216. Real Madrid's current top-scorer is Raúl González with 196.[45]
Officially, Real Madrid's highest home attendance is 74,419 for a Copa del Rey match in 2006. The current legal capacity of Santiago Bernabéu is 80,400. Real Madrid's average attendance was 69,200 during the 2003–04 season and 71,900 in the 2004–05 season.[3] Real Madrid have also set records in Spanish football, most notably the most domestic titles (30 as of 2006–07) and the most seasons won in a row (5, during 1960–65 and 1985–90).[46]
Real also set UEFA Champions League records for most winnings (nine) and for most semifinal appearances (21).[47] In addition, Raúl González with 59 goals is the best UEFA Champions League scorer so far. The team have also the record number of consecutive participations in the Champions' Cup with 15, from 1955–56 to 1969–70. The fastest ever Champions League goal was scored by FC Bayern München's Roy Makaay in 10.2 seconds against Real Madrid in 2007. The world-record fee of €76 million (over US$100 million, £47.5 million) for Zinedine Zidane's transfer to Real Madrid in 2001 is the highest ever paid.[48]
[edit] Supporters
For more details on this topic, see El Clásico and El Derbi madrileño.
Real Madrid supporters during an El Derbi madrileño match.
During most home matches the majority of the seats in the stadium are occupied by season ticket holders, of which there are approximately 65,000.[3] In order to become a season ticket holder one must first be a socio, or club member. Not all members are able to get a season ticket. In addition to members, the club has over 1,800 peñas (official, club-affiliated supporters' groups) in Spain and around the world. Real Madrid has the first highest average all-time attendance in Spanish football and regularly attract over 65,000 fans to Santiago Bernabéu; it was the second best-supported La Liga team in the 2004–05 season, with an average gate of 71,900.[49] The club has a large and diverse fanbase, who hold some long-standing rivalries with other clubs; the most notable of these is with FC Barcelona, with whom it regularly contests El Clásico.
The rivalry with FC Barcelona projects what some regard as the political and cultural tensions felt between Castillians and Catalans.[50] However, during the Spanish Civil War itself, members of both clubs like Josep Sunyol and Rafael Sánchez Guerra, suffered at the hands of Franco supporters.[51] During the 1950s, the rivalry was intensified further when the clubs disputed the signing of Alfredo Di Stéfano, who finally played for Real Madrid and was key in the subsequent success achieved by the club.[52] The 1960s saw the rivalry reach the European stage when they met twice at the European Cup, Real Madrid winning in 1960 and FC Barcelona winning in 1961. In 2000 the rivalry was reinforced following the controversial decision by Luís Figo to leave FC Barcelona and sign for Real Madrid.[53] The two teams met again in the 2002 UEFA Champions League semi-final. Real Madrid, the eventual champion, won the clash dubbed by Spanish media as the Match of the Century. As the two biggest and most successful clubs in Spain, nowadays the rivalry is renewed on an annual basis with both teams often challenging each other for the league championship. The flashpoint of this rivalry is the twice-a-season El Clásico which draws vast audiences from around the world.[54]
The club's nearest neighbour is Atlético Madrid, which is also seen as a viable rival by Real Madrid fans. Although Atlético was originally founded by three Basque students in 1903, it was joined in 1904 by dissident members of Madrid FC. Further tensions came because initially Atlético supporters came from the working class while the Real supporters were drawn from the middle class. Today these distinctions are largely blurred. The rivalry first gained international attention in 1959 during the European Cup when the two clubs met in the semi-final. Real won the first leg 2–1 at the Bernabéu while Atlético won 1–0 at the Metropolitano. The tie went to a replay and Real won 2-1. Atlético, however, gained some revenge when, led by former Real coach José Villalonga, it defeated Real in two successive Copa del Generalísimo finals in 1960 and 1961.[55]
Between 1961 and 1980 when Real dominated La Liga, only Atlético offered Real any serious challenge, winning La Liga titles in 1966, 1970, 1973 and 1977. In 1965, when it finished as La Liga runner-up to Real after an intense battle for the title, Atlético became the first team to beat Real at the Bernabéu in eight years. Real Madrid's record against Atlético in more recent times is very favourable.[56] A high point coming in the 2002–03 season, when Real clinched the La Liga title after beating Atlético 4–0 at the Vicente Calderón stadium.
[edit] Players
[edit] Current squad
See also: Real Madrid C.F. 2007-08 season
Spanish teams are limited to three players without EU citizenship. The squad list includes only the principal nationality of each player; several non-European players on the squad have dual citizenship with an EU country. Also, players from the ACP countries—countries in Africa, the Caribbean, and the Pacific that are signatories to the Cotonou Agreement—are not counted against non-EU quotas due to the Kolpak ruling.
As of 26th January 2008.[57][58]
No.
Position
Player
1
GK
Iker Casillas
2
DF
Míchel Salgado
3
DF
Pepe
4
DF
Sergio Ramos
5
DF
Fabio Cannavaro
6
MF
Mahamadou Diarra
7
FW
Raúl (captain)
8
MF
Fernando Gago
9
FW
Roberto Soldado
10
FW
Robinho
11
MF
Arjen Robben
12
DF
Marcelo
13
GK
Jordi Codina
No.
Position
Player
14
MF
Guti (vice-captain)
15
DF
Royston Drenthe
16
DF
Gabriel Heinze
17
FW
Ruud van Nistelrooy
18
FW
Javier Saviola
19
MF
Júlio Baptista
20
FW
Gonzalo Higuaín
21
DF
Christoph Metzelder
22
DF
Miguel Torres
23
MF
Wesley Sneijder
24
MF
Javier Balboa
25
GK
Jerzy Dudek
Official as of June 1, 2008
[edit] Out on loan
No.
Position
Player
—
FW
Antonio Cassano (on loan to Sampdoria)
—
MF
Pablo García (on loan to Murcia)
18
MF
Esteban Granero (on loan to Getafe)
29
MF
Adrián González (on loan to Celta)
For recent transfers, see List of transfers of La Liga - 2007/2008 season.
[edit] Notable managers
Only managers who have won at least one trophy are mentioned.[59][60]For a full list of Real Madrid managers, see List of Real Madrid C.F. managers.[61]
Name
Period
Trophies
Domestic
International
Lg
Cp
Sc
CL
UC
SC
ICp
Arthur Johnson
1910–1920
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
Lippo Hertza
1930–1932
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Robert Firsth
1932–1934
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
Francisco Bru
1934–1941
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
Jacinto Quincoces
1945–1946, 1947-1948
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
Baltasar Albéniz
1946–1947, 1950-1951
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
José Villalonga
1954–1957
2
0
0
2
0
0
0
Luis Carniglia
1957-1959, 1959
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
Miguel Muñoz
1959, 1960-1974
9
2
0
2
0
0
1
Miljan Miljanić
1974–1977
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
Vujadin Boškov
1979-1982
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
Luis Molowny
1974, 1977-1979, 1982, 1985-1986
3
3
0
0
2
0
0
Leo Beenhakker
1986-1989, 1992
3
1
1
0
0
0
0
John Toshack
1989-1990, 1999
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
Alfredo Di Stéfano
1990-1991
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
Benito Floro
1992-1994
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
Vicente del Bosque
1994, 1999-2003
2
0
1
2
0
1
1
Jorge Valdano
1994-1996
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Fabio Capello
1996-1997, 2006-2007
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
Jupp Heynckes
1997-1998
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
Guus Hiddink
1998-1999
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Carlos Queiroz
2003-2004
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
[edit] Presidents
As of September 17, 2007.[62]
Ramón Calderón, current president of Real Madrid.
Name
From
To
Julián Palacios
1900
1902
Juan Padrós
1902
1904
Carlos Padrós
1904
1908
Adolfo Meléndez
1908
1916
Pedro Parages
1916
1924
Luis de Urquijo
1924
1929
Luis Usera
1929
1935
Rafael Sánchez Guerra
1935
1937
Colonel Antonio Ortega
1937
1938
Rafael Sánchez Guerra
1938
1939
Adolfo Meléndez
1939
1940
Antonio Santos Peralba
1940
1943
Santiago Bernabéu Yeste
1943
1978
Luis de Carlos
1978
1985
Ramón Mendoza
1985
1995
Lorenzo Sanz
1995
2000
Florentino Pérez
2000
2006
Fernando Martín
February 2006
April 2006
Luis Gómez-Montejano
April 2006
July 2006
Ramón Calderón
2006
-
[edit] Honours
For more details on this topic, see Real Madrid C.F. trophies[63][64]
[edit] Domestic
La Liga[65]
Winners (30): 1931–32, 1932–1933, 1953–1954, 1954–1955, 1956–1957, 1957–1958, 1960–1961, 1961–1962, 1962–1963, 1963–1964, 1964–1965, 1966–1967, 1967–1968, 1968–1969, 1971–1972, 1974–1975, 1975–1976, 1977–1978, 1978–1979, 1979–1980, 1985–1986, 1986–1987, 1987–1988, 1988–1989, 1989–1990, 1994–1995, 1996–1997, 2000–2001, 2002–2003, 2006–07
Runners-up (17): 1928-29, 1933-34, 1934-35, 1935-36, 1941-42, 1944-45, 1958-59, 1959-60, 1965-66, 1980-81, 1982-83, 1983-84, 1991-92, 1992-93, 1998-99, 2004-05, 2005-06
Copa del Rey
Winners (17): 1904–1905, 1905–1906, 1906–1907, 1907–1908, 1916–1917, 1933–1934, 1935–1936, 1945–1946, 1946–1947, 1961–1962, 1969–1970, 1973–1974, 1974–1975, 1979–1980, 1981–1982, 1988–1989, 1992–1993
Runners-up (19): 1902-03, 1915-16, 1917-18, 1923-24, 1928-29, 1929-30, 1932-33, 1939-40, 1942-43, 1957-58, 1959-60, 1960-61, 1967-68, 1978-79, 1982-83, 1989-90, 1991-92, 2001-02, 2003-04
Supercopa de España[66]
Winners (8): 1947, 1988, 1989*, 1990, 1993, 1997, 2001, 2003
Runners-up (3): 1982, 1995, 2007
(* Won Copa del Rey and La Liga)
Copa de la Liga
Winners (1): 1984–1985
Runners-up (1): 1982-83
[edit] European
UEFA Champions League[67]
Winners (9): 1955–1956 First ever Winners, 1956–1957, 1957–1958, 1958–1959, 1959–1960, 1965–1966, 1997–1998, 1999–2000, 2001–2002.
Runners-up (3): 1961-62, 1963-64, 1980-81
Intercontinental Cup[68]
Winners (3): 1960, 1998, 2002
Runners-up (2): 1966, 2000
Copa Iberoamericana[69]
Winners (1): 1994
UEFA Cup
Winners (2): 1984–1985, 1985–1986
UEFA Cup Winners' Cup
Runners-up (2): 1970-71, 1982-83
UEFA Supercup
Winners (1): 2002
Runners-up (2): 1998, 2000
Latin Cup
Winners (2): 1955, 1957
FIFA Order of Merit
Winners (1): 2004
[edit] Footnotes
^ Real Madrid Football Club. Madrid Tourist Guide. Retrieved on 2007-09-26. In Spanish, the players are nicknamed ‘Los Merengues’ meaning literally ‘the meringues’ which applies to their white strip.
^ a b 1902-1911. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
^ a b c Estadio Santiago Bernabeu. The Stadium Guide. Retrieved on 2007-09-16.
^ Presidents. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-10-06.
^ Coaches. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-10-06.
^ a b Madrid are the CHAMPIONS: Together we could! Thank you all!. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-26.
^ Real Madrid is one of the founders of G-14. G14.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-17.
^ Best club of the 20th century. FIFA.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-18. Voted exclusively by the readers of the bi-monthly FIFA Magazine on December 2000.
^ Club facts: Real Madrid. Uefa.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-30. (See:UEFA club competition milestones)
^ Ramón Calderón gave a detailed lecture on Real Madrid for several Harvard students. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2008-01-01.
^ Real Madrid Fotos, juegos, fútbol, liga española, imágenes, LFP, historia, equipo. WDF. Retrieved on 2007-09-16.
^ a b The Story of.... Real Madrid. The Stadium Guide. Retrieved on 2007-09-16.
^ 1912-1921. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
^ 1942-1951. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
^ a b 1952-1961. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
^ Matthew Spiro (2006-05-12). Hats off to Hanot. uefa.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-19.
^ 1962-1971. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
^ Madrid awake from European slumber. uefa.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-14.
^ Madrid the comeback kings. uefa.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-14.
^ Final. uefa.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-14.
^ Final. uefa.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-14.
^ La Quinta del Buitre. Blogger. Retrieved on 2007-09-16.
^ 1982-1991. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
^ Real Madrid Live. Free-football.tv. Retrieved on 2007-09-18.
^ a b 1992-2001. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
^ Figo's the Real deal. BBC.com (2000-07-24). Retrieved on 2007-09-15.
^ Florentino Pérez era. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
^ 2002 - 2011. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
^ "Real Madrid sack manager Capello", BBC Sport, 2007-06-28. Retrieved on 2007-06-28.
^ Real name Schuster as new coach. bbc.com (2007-07-09). Retrieved on 2007-09-18.
^ a b c d Historia del Escudo. Realmadridfans.org. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
^ Historia del Escudo. Realmadridfans.org. Retrieved on 2007-09-26. (See 2001: Un Escudo para el Siglo XXI) (Spanish)
^ a b Equipacion. Realmadridfans.org. Retrieved on 2007-09-17.
^ Real madrid kit in 1905 was 100% white, so the supporters start calling the players as Los Blancos
^ The world's biggest store belonging a football team inaugurated at the Santiago Bernabéu. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-10-07. Ramón Calderón says : We began working with Adidas again in 1998, and its a harmonious relationship that will last a long time.
^ a b c d e f g Historia del uniforme del Real Madrid Club de Fútbol (Spanish). Wikipedia.org. Retrieved on 2007-10-07.
^ Nuestros Estadios. Historialago.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-26.
^ a b Santiago Bernabéu Tour. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-08.
^ Santiago Bernabéu to 120,000. Worldstadia.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-26.
^ Estadio Santiago Bernabeu guide. Madrid-tourist-guide.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-23.
^ Santiago Bernabéu station. Metromadrid.es. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
^ UEFA grants the stadium its highest ranking. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-11-14.
^ Manuel Sanchís. Dimelo.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
^ Figo stats. Footballdatabase.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
^ Raúl González stats. Footballdatabase.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-29.
^ Real Madrid C.F.. lpf.es. Retrieved on 2007-09-20.
^ History. Uefa.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-16.
^ Zidane to Real Madrid. Yahoo.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-24.
^ On the first place was FC Barcelona with an average gate of 76,000.
^ The Politics Of Real Madrid Football Club. Madrid-tourist-guide.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-23.
^ El Barça, Franco’s favourite team?. oreneta.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-29.
^ Jimmy Burns: Barca, a people's passion, Bloomsbury Publishing, London 1999
^ Un traspaso histórico. 20minutos.es. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
^ El Clásico - Real Madrid vs. Barcelona. Marca.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
^ Real Madrid won El Derbi madrileño for 75 times.
^ Real Madrid - At. de Madrid. LPF.es. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
^ Official shirt numbers. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-01.
^ Current squad. Footballsquads.co.uk. Retrieved on 2007-09-23.
^ Coaches. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-29.
^ Aquí están todos los entrenadores del Real Madrid. (Spanish). Historialago.com. Retrieved on 2007-10-16.
^ Real Madrid - Coaches. Rsssf.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-19.
^ Presidents. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-16.
^ Track record. Realmadrid.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-16.
^ Copa Iberoamericana. RSSSF.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-16.
^ La Liga statistics. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
^ The trophy was known as Copa de Campeones (1940), Copa de Oro Argentina (1945), Copa Eva Duarte (1947-53) and Supercopa de España (1982-present)
^ UEFA Champions League statistics. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
^ Intercontinental Cup. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
^ Iberoamerican Cup won by Real Madrid. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
[edit] Further reading
Dénes, Tamás & Rochy, Zoltán (2002). Real Madrid. Aréna 2000. ISBN 963861675X.
Ball, Phil (2003 New edition). Morbo: The Story of Spanish Football. WSC Books Limited. ISBN 0-954-01346-8.
Ball, Phil (2003). White Storm: The Story of Real Madrid. Mainstream. ISBN 1-84018-763-8.
McManaman, Steve & Edworthy, Sarah (2003). El Macca: Four Years with Real Madrid. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-743-48920-9.
[edit] External links
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Real Madrid, Canal Oficial YouTube's official Real Madrid channel
Real Madrid Club de Fútbol at the Liga de Fútbol Profesional official website
Real Madrid CF at the UEFA official website
General fan sites
Real Madrid
Real Madrid (Spanish)
Real Madrid Fans (Spanish)
Bienvenidos a Realmadrid Site.com (Spanish)
Realmadrid.no Official Norwegian Supporter's Club - Peña Madridista Noruega
Real Madrid America Official website of USA Supporters
Real Madrid C.F. Fan Community
RealMadryt.pl (English) (Polish)
Real Madrid's Arab Fans Community (Arabic)
Real-Madrid.ru (Russian)
Nejlepší fans stránka o Realu Madrid v ČR a SR.
Dutch Real Madrid Fanclub (Dutch)
Realmadrid.de
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